Etymology of cook, cuisine, kitchen

The word cook (n) comes from the Latin cocus (cook) from the verb coquo [to cook, to think, to be unquiet, to worry (about), to mix], which possibly is related to the Greek verb cycao/cucao [stir up, mix together; Gr: κυκάω].

Others etymologize coquo from the IE root *pekw, which is related to the Greek verb pesso [to cook, to boil, to make something soft (Gr.: πέσσω); Att.: petto (πέττω); later pepto (πέπτω), peptic].

Finally, a few etymologize coquo from the Greek verb ceo (to burn; Gr: καίω – κηίω, κηFίο).

From the same root: 
En: cooker, cookery, cuisine, biscuit, kitchen
Ger: kochen, kuche
It: cuocere, cucina, biscotto
Fr: cuire, cuisine, biscuit

In modern Greek:
a) cyceon: mix of dissimilar things, confusion, disorder [κυκεών]
b) cusina: cuisine, kitchen [κουζίνα; reborrowing]
c) biscoto: biscuit [μπισκότο; reborrowing]

OED

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Etymology of plus, plural

The word plus comes from the Latin plus (more) is related to the Greek pleos [more, in greater number, more than; Gr.: πλέος].

From the same root: 
plural, pluri- pluralism, plurarity, pluralize, pluralist, pleo- (pleomorphic etc), poly-, plethora


In modern Greek: 

a) pleon: more [Gr: πλέον]

b) pleonasma: surplus, excess [Gr: πλεόνασμα]

c) pleonasmos: pleonasm [Gr: πλεονασμός ]

d) pleonektima: advantage [Gr: πλεονέκτημα]

e) plethos: a lot of, a large number of [Gr: πλήθος]

f) plethintikos: plural [Gr: πληθυντικός]

g) plethismos: population [Gr: πληθυσμός]

h) plethora: plethora, plenty [Gr: πληθώρα]

 

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Etymology of elixir

The word elixir or philosopher’s stone, believed by alchemists to transmute baser metals into gold and/or to cure diseases and prolong life, comes from the Arabic al-iksir, from the late Greek xirion [powder for drying wounds; Gr: ξηρίον], from the Greek xiros [dry; Gr: ξηρός].
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In modern Greek:
a) xiros: dry [Gr: ξηρός]
b) xirasia: drought [Gr: ξηρασία]
c) xira: land, mainland [Gr: ξηρά]
d) xirotita: dryness, aridity [Gr: ξηρότητα]
e) elixirio: elixir [Gr: ελιξήριο; loanword]

OED

 

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Etymology of dragon, dragoon

The word dragon comes from the Old French dragon, which in turn comes from the Latin draconem  [huge serpent, dragon], from the Greek word drakon [serpent, giant seafish; Gr: δράκων].
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From the same root: dragoon, dragonet
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In modern Greek:
a) drakos: dragon [Gr: δράκος]

OED

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Etymology of graffiti

The wοrd graffiti comes from the Italian graffiti, plural of graffito (a scribbling), from graffiare (to scribble) from the Greek grafein (to write, to draw, to scratch; Gr: γράφειν].
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From the same root: -graphy (eg. geography), graphologist, graphic, praphics, graphite .
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In modern Greek:
a) grafo: (to write, to draw, to scratch, to type; Gr: γράφω].
b) grapsimo: handwriting [Gr: γράψιμο]
c) graphologos: graphologist [Gr: γραφολόγος]
d) engrafo: document, deed [Gr: έγγραφο]
e) graphica: graphics [Gr: γραφικά]
f) graphites: graphite [Gr: γραφίτης]

 

OED. 

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Etymology of gas

The word gas is simply a phonetic transcription of the Greek word chaos [Gr: χάος]. It was first used in the early 17th century by the chemist J.B. Van Helmont.
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In modern Greek (Romeika, Rumca):
a) haos: chaos [Gr: χάος].
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WKP

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Etymology of aria

The word aria comes from the Italian aria, from the Latin aerem, accusative of aer (air), which is a transliteration of the Greek aer [air; Gr: αήρ].

See also etymolology of air here.
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In modern Greek:
a) Aria: aria [Gr: άρια]

b) aeras: air [Gr: αέρας]

WKN

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Etymology of carrot

The word carrot comes from the old French carrotte, from the Latin carota, which is a transliteration of the Greek caroton (carrot; Gr: καρώτον).

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In modern Greek:

a) caroto: carrot [Gr: καρώτο]

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From the same root: carotene, carotenoids

 

OED

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Etymology of super and over

Both super and over come from the Latin super, which is related to the Greek yper/hyper [over, super; Gr: υπέρ].

In modern Greek:
a) yper: super, over, hyper- [Gr: υπέρ]

 

OED

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Etymology of triumph

Triumph comes from the old French triumphe from the Latin triumphus (achievement, a success, procession for a victorious general or admiral), which merely is a transliteration of the Greek thriambos.

In modern Greek:
a) thriamvos: triumph [Gr: θρίαμβος]

OED

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